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Description:
The clavicle is
a tubular, somewhat S-shaped bone that forms with the scapula the shoulder girdle.
This form weakens the clavicle and explains the frequency of its fractures. It
is composed of:
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A body
with two surfaces and 2 edges.
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Two ends:
sternal and acromial.
1- The
superior surface: subcutaneous and bears less relief
than the inferior surface. In its lateral 1/3 attaches the deltoid muscle in
front and the trapezius muscle at the back. In its medial 2/3 fits the
sternocleidomastoid muscle.
2- The
inferior surface: rough
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The
costoclavicular tuberosity is a medial, broad, irregularly roughened surface
that anchors the costoclavicular ligament.
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The
subclavian sulcus (or Grove) runs along the posteroinferiorly quadrant of the
mid-shaft, providing a roof over the great vessels and nerves of the neck and
an insertion for the subclavius muscle between the clavicle and the rib cage.
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The conoid
tubercle is found on the lateral end of the clavicle, and is located
posteriorly. It is the attachment point of the conoid ligament.
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The
trapezoid line leads laterally from the conoid tubercle. It is the attachment
site for the trapezoid ligament.
3- The
anterior border: its medial 2/3 are thick, convex and anchor the
pectoralis major muscle. Its lateral 1/3 is concave, thin and conatins the
deltoid tubercle where the deltoid muscle attaches.
4- The
posterior border: the opposite of the leading edge,
the medial 2/3 are concave and the lateral 1/3 is convex. It gives insertion to
the sterno-cleido-mastoidian muscle medially and to the trapezius muscle
laterally.
5- The
sternal end: is stout, round and has an articular surface on
its medial surface for the manubrium as well as a small facet lipping over onto
the inferior surface for the first costal cartilage.
6- The
acromial end: is flatter and wider than the sternal end. On
its lateral surface is the acromial facet, for articulation with the acromial
process of the scapula.
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